What Is a CBC Lab Test?

A CBC lab test is a complete blood count. The CBC panel tests for a range of types of blood cells and overall blood chemistry in order to determine if any disease might be present. Test results are represented as an overall number, with a range of numbers determined as acceptable for each component.

White Cells

• The white cell count shows an overall number, then divides it into five main types: neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil. White cells are part of the immune system of the body. A high count of any one of these can indicate the presence of certain illnesses. A low count can mean disease, a blood disorder or an infection.

Red Cells

• The red blood cells are counted and their capacity to carry oxygen is measured. A low number can indicate a disease, such as anemia, or various vitamin and mineral deficiencies.

Platelets

• Platelets are an essential part of blood clotting. High or low numbers can show the presence of a disease or an inherited blood disorder.