Internet Communications Protocol

Internet communications protocol is Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) layered on top of Internet Protocol (IP) that allows computers and programs to talk to each other. It was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in 1969.

TCP/IP

• These two layers of what is sometimes called a "protocol stack" work together to form the backbone of the Internet. This protocol provides rules that computers must follow to communicate with each other, as well as indicate how devices must be connected and transmit data to the Internet.

Fixed Connection

• TCP promotes activity between applications by sending a communication request to a specific address. When an initial positive connection occurs, TCP sets a "full-duplex" communication between the two communications and is responsible for breaking down data into IP packets before it is sent. The connection remains open until it is closed by one of the applications.

Connectionless

• IP is responsible for sending data between computers via packets through the Internet. It does not occupy the communication line and is therefore connectionless, but is responsible for routing information packets to their correct destination by providing the correct address.