An Explanation of Geothermal Heating

Geothermal heating systems typically involve the use of heat pumps, which move heat between an outside geothermal source and the interior of a building, according to the California Energy Commission.

Benefits

• Geothermal heat is much more stable than heat in the air. Depending on latitude, the temperature range underground is between 45 and 75 degrees F. Geothermal heat pumps can cool a building in summer as well as heat it in winter. In hot weather, the pumps move heat out of the building and release it underground.

Function

• Inside a geothermal heat pump, a chemical called a refrigerant gas moves heat from one place to another. It absorbs heat. In the winter, the heat is then circulated through ducts by a fan and distributed through the building. In the summer, cooler air is circulated through house and warmer air is discharged.

Considerations

• Geothermal heat pumps cost more to install, but utility bills are 30 to 40 percent lower. The system is also quieter and more comfortable. They are also usually easier and cheaper to maintain because they have fewer parts and their location underground protects them from weather.