Rye Grass Characteristics

• Ryegrass has a wide variety of uses. Anthony-Masterson/Photodisc/Getty Images

  In addition to being one of the most common cold-weather grasses in the country, ryegrass has a range of functions. It is used as a lawn grass, a cover crop and a food for livestock. Ryegrass is commonly used on sports fields and golf courses, particularly in the Northern states. Know the characteristics of ryegrass in order to give it proper care.

Growth and Lifespan

• Both perennial and annual ryegrasses are two of the quicker-growing grasses. Each germinates and shows signs of growth within 10 to 14 days. Annual rye grass lasts for 1 year and must be replanted the following seasons. Perennial rye grass is generally lasts from 3 to 5 years with proper maintenance, particularly in cooler areas of the country. Both have long growing seasons and are among the first types of grasses to turn green in the spring. Their rapid growth makes them good for filling in areas with patches or slopes.

Traits and Maintenance

• Ryegrasses do best in areas with full sun. They withstand high heat and mix well with other grasses. Because of their fine texture, they are easily mowed. Mowing is regularly required. Ryegrass can be cut to a short length. Although ryegrasses are generally drought resistant, some water is required for a healthy lawn. Fertilize and water annual ryegrass on a regular schedule, particularly during dry seasons. Water perennial ryegrass only when needed until the soil is moist. Fertilizer should be added every four to six weeks during the growing months. Reseeding should also be done when necessary. Ryegrass is resistant to insects and diseases.

Appearance

• The deep-green color of perennial ryegrass makes for an attractive lawn. Annual ryegrass becomes yellow or gold in color when it dries. Perennial ryegrass turns a shade of blue. Both grasses are shiny and dark green when alive. Perennial ryegrass has a narrow leaf blade when they show signs of growth in two weeks ore less. Other ryegrasses have bigger leaves at this early stage. Ryegrasses blades have vertical ridges.