How to Use a Goniometer to Measure Elbow Extension

Health care providers use goniometers to measure angles of joints. These tools are usually made of plastic and have a fulcrum attached to two arms. The range of motion of a joint is commonly checked after sports injuries or surgeries to monitor the progression of motion. Elbow goniometry is accomplished using a single elbow flexion movement.

• 1

  Position the patient on an examination table lying on their back in the anatomical position. The anatomical position is both arms to the side with palms facing upward.

• 2

  Align the fulcrum with the epicondyle of the humerus.

• 3

  Position the stationary arm along the humeral midline and the moving arm with the radial styloid process. Stabilize the stationary arm from shifting during the movement.

• 4

  Ask the patient to slowly touch their shoulder, noting the beginning and ending reading on the goniometer. This is the range of motion (ROM).