Function
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Compound microscopes use multiple lenses to increase magnification over single lens microscopes. In fact, most microscopes you'll see or use are compound microscopes.
History
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The identity of the inventor of the compound microscope is debatable. The first compound microscope might have been built by a Dutch father and son in the 1590s. Galileo also developed a compound microscope.
Types
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Some types of compound microscopes feature binocular eyepieces (for two eyes), but some even feature three eyepieces. The third is for a camera.
Fun Fact
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An observer looking through a microscope is not seeing the specimen fixed at the bottom of the microscope. The observer is seeing an image that is projected by the microscope's lenses to a location just below the microscope's eyepiece.
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